| Abstract | In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: Louisa Rice Louisa Rice received her B.A. in History from the University of Nottingham, England in 1998 and her M.A. in History from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 2000. She began her doctoral work in History at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey in the fall of 2001. In Milwaukee she taught survey courses in modern European and modern U.S. history. Her master's thesis explored the cultural representation of Jews in post-Holocaust France and she will continue to work on modern France, cultural representations, and the intersection of visual culture and politics at the doctoral level. Notes 1. I am using the term "Holocaust" to refer to the deliberate destruction of the Jews during the Nazi regime. The term itself is anachronistic in the context of 1950s France. The French would not use the term to refer to the destruction until the 1970s and in particular, until the US mini-series, Holocaust was shown in France. However, for clarity's sake, I have used the term to denote what we, today, would understand by the Holocaust perpetrated by Nazi Germany. 2. Michael R. Marrus and Robert O. Paxton, Vichy France and the Jews (New York: Schoken Books, 1983) 5, 12. 3. The "Final Solution" was the name of the Nazi policy for the systematic destruction of European Jewry. It was employed against the Jews in France beginning in June, 1942. 4. Marrus and Paxton 165-167, 176. 5. Marrus and Paxton 261, 343. 6. Marrus and Paxton 263. 7. Henry Rousso, The Vichy Syndrome. History and Memory in France since 1944, trans. Arthur Goldhammer, (Cambridge: Harvard U P, 1991). This is the title of the first chapter of Rousso's work on the memory of the war period in France; it covers the period from 1944-1954. 8. On the Gaullist influence on war memory see Rousso, 16-18. 9. Rousso, 25. 10. Antoine Prost, "The Algerian war in French Collective memory," in War and Remembrance in the Twentieth Century, eds. Jay Winter and Emmanuel Sivan, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999,) 174. 11. Prost, "The Algerian War," 174. 12. Alain Resnais, interviewed by Richard Raskin, Paris, February 18th 1986, in Richard Raskin, Nuit et Brouillard by Alain Resnais: On the Making, Reception and Functions of a Major Documentary Film (Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus U P, 1987) 54. Resnais explains that Cayrol said he could not work directly with the film, and so Chris Marker, one of the director's assistants, edited the narration into the film. 13. See, for example, Alan Avisar, Screening the Holocaust: Cinema's Images of the Unimaginable (Bloomington: Indiana U P, 1988), André Pierre Colombat, The Holocaust in French Film (Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow Press 1993), and William Rothman, Documentary Film Classics (New York: Cambridge U P, 1997). 14. Resnais interviewed by Raskin, in Raskin, 51. 15. John Talbott, The War without a Name, France in Algeria 1954-62 (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1980) 94. 16. Talbott, 171-172. 17. Papon was in charge of the Gironde Prefecture, Bordeaux. He was recently indicted for the crimes he committed, among which was the deportation of 1,600 Jews, including 130 children under the age of 13 between July 1942 and June 1944. For this story see: http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/oct1999/papon-o23.shtml 18. Philip Dine, Images of the Algerian War: French Fiction and Film, 1954-1992 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994) 211-212. 19. Sara R. Horowitz, Voicing the Void: Muteness and Memory in Holocaust Fiction (Albany, N.Y: State University of New York Press, 1997) 16. 20. Alain Resnais, interviewed by B. Pingand in Cinémonde 14 May, 1961, cited in Réné Predal, Alain Resnais (Paris: Lettres Modernes Minard, 1968) 146. 21. Avisar, 15. 22. Colombat, 165. 23. Avisar, 15. 24. Robert Michael, "A Second Look: Night and Fog" in Cineaste 13, 4 (1984), 36-37, reprinted in Raskin, 159-160. This book contains a number of contemporary reviews of Night and Fog, as well as interviews with Resnais, and more recent analyses of the film. The material is printed without commentary by the editor. 25. Avisar, 12. 26. "Alain Resnais à la question," Premier Plan...
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