Amaya Ubeda de Torres earned her Ph.D. at both the University Complutense of Madrid (Spain) and the University Robert Schuman of Strasbourg (France). Dr. Ubeda's doctoral dissertation is a comparative analysis of the concept of democracy in the case law of European and the Inter- American systems for the protection of human rights. She has been taught international law at the University Complutense of Madrid, and has also worked as a lawyer for the European Court of Human Rights and served as researcher for the Institute René Cassin. Dr. Ubeda became an associate professor at the University Robert Schuman of Strasbourg teaching international and constitutional law. Her publications are focused mainly on the American Convention on Human Rights; the European Union; and the principle of discrimination. While at Columbia University as a Visiting Scholar, Dr. Ubeda was advised by Professor Alejandro Garro.